Adapting to the Pass: Defensive Play Calling Trends and How They’re Shaping the 2025 NFL

The NFL is a constantly evolving chess match, and nowhere is this more evident than in the strategic dance between offensive and defensive play-callers. In Super Bowl LIX, the Philadelphia Eagles’ defense, led by linebacker Josh Sweat, managed to sack Kansas City Chiefs quarterback Patrick Mahomes two and a half times, almost half of the team’s total sacks that night [6]. This performance underscores a critical point: adapting to the pass is no longer a luxury, but a necessity for survival in today’s NFL. As we look ahead to the 2025 season, several key defensive play-calling trends are emerging, poised to reshape the landscape of the game.

The Decline of Passing Yards and the Rise of Two-High Safety Looks

In the mid-2010s, the NFL experienced a surge in passing offenses, leading to a decline in the running game [1]. However, recent seasons have witnessed a shift. According to NFL.com, passing yards per game have been steadily decreasing since 2020. In Weeks 1-3, passing yards per game dropped from 496 in 2020 to just 403 in 2024 [1]. This decline can be attributed to several factors, with one significant change being the increased use of multiple safeties in defensive schemes [1].

Defenses have increasingly embraced formations like Cover 2, Cover 4, and Cover 6 [1]. Next Gen Stats reveal that the percentage of two-high safety looks on passing attempts has jumped from 44% in 2019 to 63% in 2024 [1]. This “red crab” formation involves linebackers or hybrid defensive backs positioned 4-6 yards off the line and two split safeties 10-15 yards deep [1]. This strategy aims to prevent big plays and force offenses to work methodically down the field [2].

Hybrid Defenses and Versatile Players

The rise of spread offenses and dual-threat quarterbacks has forced defenses to become more versatile and athletic [2]. Hybrid defenses, combining elements of both 3-4 and 4-3 schemes, have emerged as a response [2]. These defenses utilize versatile players who can perform multiple roles, such as edge rushers who can also drop into coverage, or linebackers capable of playing both inside and outside [2].

The New England Patriots’ hiring of Mike Vrabel, a defensive-minded coach, signals a continued emphasis on defensive innovation [8]. Vrabel has appointed Terrell Williams as the defensive coordinator, entrusting him with calling the defensive plays [8]. Williams, known for his aggressive-minded coaching and experience with defensive lines, represents a new breed of defensive play-caller focused on versatility and adaptability [8].

The Importance of Analytics and Data-Driven Decision Making

In recent years, the use of analytics and technology has revolutionized defensive strategies in the NFL [2]. Teams now have access to vast amounts of data, allowing them to analyze opponents’ tendencies and make more informed decisions [2]. Defensive coordinators use advanced metrics to determine optimal play-calling, positioning, and matchups [2]. Real-time tracking of player movements and virtual reality training tools have further enhanced the preparation and execution of defensive strategies [2].

Key Defensive Players to Watch in 2025

Several defensive players have distinguished themselves as game-changers. Myles Garrett of the Cleveland Browns, for the second consecutive year, has cemented his status as a premier defensive force, earning PFF’s Defensive Player of the Year honors [11]. Garrett’s dominance on the edge defined the 2024 season, with his 92.7 overall grade leading all qualifying defenders [11].

Patrick Surtain II, the Denver Broncos cornerback, was named the NFL’s 2025 Defensive Player of the Year by CBS Sports [23]. Surtain is the first defensive back to win the award since Stephon Gilmore in 2019, highlighting the impact of cornerbacks in today’s pass-heavy league [23].

Other notable defensive players include:

Josh Sweat (LB, Philadelphia Eagles): Coming off one of his best seasonal performances, Sweat is a highly sought-after free agent [6].
Milton Williams (DT, Philadelphia Eagles): Williams had a fantastic 2024 season, setting career highs in sacks and quarterback pressures [12].
Trevon Moehrig (S, Las Vegas Raiders): Moehrig is a durable and versatile safety who excels in both coverage and run support [12].
Will Anderson Jr. (EDGE, Houston Texans): Anderson had an impressive 2024 season, with a strong run-defense grade and a high pass-rush win rate [16].
Jalen Carter (DI, Philadelphia Eagles): Carter continues to prove he is one of the NFL’s premier interior pass-rushers [16].

The Ongoing Evolution of Defensive Schemes

Defensive strategies in the NFL have evolved significantly over the decades, adapting to changes in offensive play and advancements in player skills [2]. From the hard-hitting defenses of the early days to the sophisticated schemes of today, the evolution of defense has been crucial in shaping the game [2].

The shift from traditional zone defenses to hybrid schemes represents a seismic transformation in how defenses approach the game [4]. Adaptability is now paramount, and versatility reigns supreme [4]. As Mike Macdonald of the Seattle Seahawks tells his defense, “Stop the run, to have some fun” [18]. Controlling the game with the front is essential to winning early downs, dictating protections, and getting after the quarterback on 3rd down [18].

Looking ahead, the 2025 NFL Draft is expected to be rich in defensive line talent [17, 22]. Teams like the Arizona Cardinals are likely to prioritize pass-rushing presence, with prospects like EDGE Donovan Ezeiruaku drawing attention [22]. The Dallas Cowboys, facing potential departures and aging players on their defensive line, will also need to address this area in the draft [17].

Conclusion

Adapting to the pass remains the defining challenge for NFL defenses in 2025. The trends of increased two-high safety looks, hybrid defensive schemes, and data-driven decision-making are shaping the way teams approach the game. With key defensive players like Myles Garrett and Patrick Surtain II leading the charge, and innovative coaches like Mike Vrabel and Terrell Williams implementing new strategies, the 2025 NFL season promises to be a fascinating showcase of defensive evolution.